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Selection of raw materials for glass manufacturing

The selection of raw materials for glass manufacturing is the matter of vital importance. There are few factors which are considered during selection of raw material  Purity and cost of Raw materials Grain size of raw materials Storage of raw material Raw materials should be cheaper, pure and contain a high level of constancy of chemical composition under possible commercial condition for best kind of glass manufacturing with the lowest manufacturing cost. grain size of raw materials matter for homoginity of batch which is a sensitive parameter to manufacture quality glass. A proper infrastructure is required to store the glass raw materials in sufficient quantity for glass manufacturing.
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Opal Glass

Opal Glass:- Opal glass is obtained by adding fluoride in the glass composition. Fluoride is added in the form of calcium fluoride (CaF₂) because it is available easily.
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Quartze Glass

Quartz Glass:-  Quarter glass is obtained by melting pure silica. it has very low or almost zero cofficient of thermal expansions. Zero tharmal expansion is the reason quartz glass do not break even placed in water while red hot. It can be say that Quartz Glass is the pure glass.
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Crooke's Glass

Crooke's Glass:- Crooke's glass is a special type of glass.It has cerium oxide(CeO₂) in it's composition. Cerium oxide gives a unique property to Crooke's glass to absorb the ultraviolet radiations. Uses:- It is used to make sunglasses.
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Jena Glass

Jena glass:-  it is a mixture of zinc and barium borosilicates. Jena glass has very low thermal expansion and contraction thus it is used to make laboratory glassware and kitchen glassware. Use of pyrex and Jenna glass almost same.
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Pyrex Glass or Borosilicate Glass

Pyrex glass or Borosilicate glass is a mixture of borosilicates of sodium, calcium and aluminium.  N₂Co₃ +CaO +SiO₂ +B₂O₃ +Al₂O₃---->Pyex ɡlass Borosilicate glass has low cofficient of thermal expansion that is why it can withstand sudden change in temperature. Use:-  Pyex glass or Borosilicate glass is used to make  laboratory and kitchen glass ware.
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Flint Glass or Optical instrument Glass

Flint Glass:- Flint glass also known as Optioical instrument glass. Flint glass is formed when potassium and lead silicate are heated at appropriate temperature. K₂Co₃+ PbCo₃ +SiO₂  ------>  Flint Glass Flint glass has high reflective index that is why it is used to make optical instrument like Prism, Lense etc.
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